1. What is Textile Fiber?

Textile Fiber includes natural fibers and chemical fibers. Among them, chemical fiber is made from chemical treatment and physical processing of the natural or synthetic polymer. According to the difference between raw materials, it can be divided into man-made fiber and synthetic fiber.
Man-made fibers adopt some natural polymer compounds or derivatives as raw materials. After dissolution, these materials are turned into textile solutions and then fibers in the end. Man-made fibers include viscose fibers, acetate fibers, etc.
While synthetic fibers adopt coal, oil, natural gas, and so on as raw materials. Then these materials are turned into polymer compounds through reaction and then fibers through chemical treatment and mechanical processing.

Textile Fiber Classification

2. What is Polyester Fiber?

Polyester fiber is a synthetic fiber composed of polyester linear macromolecules formed by condensation of alcohol and diacid or W-hydroxy acid. At present, large-scale industrial production of polyester fiber is made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). So polyester fiber is also called PET fiber, whose commodity name in China is Terylene or Dacron. Terylene accounts for more than 90% of polyester fiber production.

Comparison of Synthetic Fibers Output

Polyester fiber has a series of excellent properties, such as high breaking strength and elastic modulus, moderate resilience, excellent heat setting effect, good heat and light resistance, etc. Moreover, it has excellent resistance (such as resistance to organic solvents, soaps, detergents, bleaches, oxidants, etc.) and good corrosion resistance to weak acids and alkalies. Therefore, polyester has a wide application area.

3. What is Filament?

According to the length of the fiber, polyester fibers can be divided into filament and staple fiber. Polyester filament refers to the length of more than kilometers. While staple fiber is a short one with lengths from a few centimeters to dozens of centimeters. At present, Polyester filament has higher output and more extensive application. And filament for civil use occupies a leading position in the Dacron filament industry. According to the different production processes and characteristics, polyester filament yarn can be divided into primary yarn, stretch yarn, and deformation yarn.
Polyester Filament Classification

Among all kinds of polyester filament yarns, there are mainly three kinds we are familiar with, POY (pre-oriented yarn), FDY (fully drawn yarn), and DTY (draw texturing yarn). The characteristics and uses of the three main polyester filament yarns are shown in the table below:

Type Characteristics Main Application
FDY high strength, few broken ends, even dyeing process of knitting and weaving, eyelet fabric,  taffeta, oxford fabric, suit lining, shoe material and all kinds of velvet fabric, umbrella surface and covered yarn
DTY some sort of elasticity and contractility Ideal raw material for knitting (weft knitting, warp knitting) or machine weaving processing, suitable for making clothing fabrics (such as suits, shirts), bedding (such as quilts, bedspreads, mosquito nets) and decorative items (such as curtain cloth, sofa cloth, wall cloth, car interior decoration cloth) etc.
POY high strength, good can formation, good evenness high-quality low-stretch yarn, network yarn, air textured yarn, sewing thread